In summer construction environments, construction machinery not only faces the challenges of prolonged, high-intensity operation but must also cope with the multiple effects of high temperatures and humidity. Hot conditions not only affect operators’ working conditions but also pose varying degrees of wear and failure risks to engines, hydraulic systems, electrical systems, and critical structural components. Therefore, systematic maintenance and scientific management are particularly important.

1. Major Impacts of High Temperatures on Equipment

Under sustained high-temperature conditions, all systems of construction machinery may experience performance degradation or an increased risk of failure. Hydraulic systems are prone to issues such as burst hoses, leaking fittings, and valve sticking; electrical systems may suffer from wire aging and cracking due to thermal expansion and contraction, leading to short circuits or control failures. Additionally, high temperatures can affect battery stability, increase internal pressure, and create safety hazards.

Furthermore, when tires operate in high-temperature environments, internal air pressure rises, accelerating wear and increasing the risk of blowouts; transmission components such as belts are prone to loosening and slipping under high temperatures, and if not adjusted promptly, may break. The lubrication system’s performance declines in high temperatures, causing oil to degrade more quickly and accelerating wear on the chassis and transmission systems.

As a core component, the engine is particularly sensitive to high temperatures. Under high-temperature conditions, the engine is prone to overheating, which reduces engine oil viscosity and can cause cylinder scoring, bearing seizure, and other failures. It also reduces power output and increases the load on the cooling system.

2. Emergency Handling of High-Temperature Failures

When equipment exhibits abnormal high temperatures, standard emergency measures should be taken. If the engine “boils over,” immediately cease operations but keep the engine idling. Gradually cool it down by increasing airflow; never shut off the engine immediately or open the radiator cap directly to prevent burns.

When replenishing coolant, wait until the water temperature has dropped to a safe range, then add it slowly to avoid component damage caused by excessive temperature differences. In an emergency, plain water may be used, but it must be replaced with standard coolant afterward.

For the braking system or other overheated components, avoid using water to cool them directly. Instead, shut down the machine and allow it to cool naturally to prevent structural deformation or performance degradation.

3. Key Summer Maintenance and Service Points

Before the start of summer, conduct a comprehensive inspection and maintenance of construction machinery, including changing the engine oil and oil filter, checking the flow of the cooling and fuel systems, and replacing or tightening aged wiring, hoses, and connecting components. At the same time, oil and dust should be cleaned from the surfaces of the engine and radiator to improve heat dissipation efficiency.

During daily operation, special attention should be paid to the following aspects: Selecting appropriate summer-grade lubricants and maintaining adequate oil levels; regularly checking battery fluid levels and electrical connections; parking equipment in shaded areas whenever possible to avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight; and adjusting tire pressure appropriately to reduce the risk of blowouts.

Furthermore, strengthen the cleaning and maintenance of filters, radiators, and hydraulic systems to prevent dust and impurities from impairing heat dissipation. In high-temperature environments, avoid prolonged overloading of the equipment and schedule work times appropriately. Conduct regular inspections of steel structures, transmission components, and critical connection points, and promptly address issues such as cracks and corrosion to prevent further deterioration caused by the alternating effects of high temperatures and rain.

High summer temperatures place greater demands on the operation of construction machinery. Through proactive maintenance, standardized operation, and prompt response to abnormal conditions, the risk of breakdowns can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the equipment extended.

Establishing a systematic maintenance mechanism and developing targeted maintenance plans based on actual operating conditions are essential foundations for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of equipment.